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Abstract

Studying the history of intellectual movement in the Arabian Gulf region until the nineteenth century is a subject shrouded in mystery, which is why many researchers have neglected it and have not addressed it in their historical studies. Moreover, this era did not witness any features of intellectual and cultural awareness until the end of the mentioned century due to the prevalence of tribalism in the Arabian Gulf region and the tendency of individuals in their loyalty to the tribe without loyalty to a national political entity that unites them. The policy of cultural and intellectual isolation practiced by the colonial countries in the Arabian Gulf also played its role in this, so the region lived until the end of the nineteenth century in a stage described as intellectual and cultural backwardness. The Arabian Gulf society at that time did not witness any features of the emergence of political and intellectual awareness such as schools or literary and social associations

Keywords

Economic Activity, Vulnerable Families, Muthanna Governorate

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